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Need some examples of Deductive and Inductive reasoning?
I need a couple examples of deductive and inductive reasoning, I know what they both are just think a few examples would help me understand more.
Answer: Examples of Deductive Arguments
All dogs are mammals. All mammals have kidneys. Therefore all dogs have kidneys.
Since all squares are rectangles, and all rectangles have four sides, all squares have four sides.
All chemists are smart, since chemists are scientists and all scientists are smart. (Note: Although the conclusion is probably false, the flaw in the argument is that one of the premises is presumably false; it remains true that if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.)
Since all men are mortal, and Socrates is a man, Socrates is mortal.
The sun is a star; the sun has planets; therefore some stars have planets.
Examples of Inductive Arguments
All swans we have seen have been white; therefore all swans are white.
All swans we have seen have been white; therefore the next swan we see will be white.
All known planets travel about the sun in ellipitical orbits; therefore all planets travel about the sun in ellipitical orbits.
Exploration of the surface of Mars has produced some surprising facts. Therefore exploration of the surface of Jupiter will produce some surprising facts.
Since Chris is a good athlete, Chris's sister must be a good athlete also.
Category: Words & Wordplay
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning, or induction, is reasoning from a specific case or cases to a general rule.
Inductive Reasoning Examples
Therefore, inductive reasoning is all about arriving at a conclusion on the basis of principle facts which guide you towards the conclusion. ...
Online Teaching Activity Index : Inductive Reasoning
Description of Lesson: Inductive reasoning involves finding the path that leads to a known solution. ... As an example of inductive reasoning, in a crime, you have the ...
Whats an example of a how individuals use inductive reasoning and how society uses inductive reasoning?
For individual I said "If you’re driving on the freeway and you see a lot of break lights ahead you make a generalization that there’s probably an accident." but I dont know an example for how society uses inductive reasoning. Thanks!
Answer: Everything is inductive. Society doesn't have a clue what it's doing. Not the US society anyway.
Category: Homework Help
In philosophy and rhetoric what is the difference between inductive reasoning and syllogism?
My professor told us that dialectic was made up of two things. Inductive reasoning and syllogism.
He gave the examples:
syllogism: Jim is human and humans die therefore Jim will die.
Inductive reasoning: it is snowing out. it is cold out.
But i dont get the difference. Could you not state that it is snowing and for it to snow it must be cold. therefore it is cold out. this would be syllogism. Could someone please explain the difference between Inductive reasoning and syllogism?
Answer: in syllogism facts are determined by combining existing statements, in contrast to inductive reasoning where facts are determined by repeated observations.
humans die and jim is human are two statements that preexist(what i mean they need not to be verified by experiments or observations.snowing out is an experiment or what you called observation,this induses that it is cold out,in inductive reasoning you can say,observations leads to facts(it should be noted down that it is repeated observation,that increases its information content or the probability of being true but the probability is not expected to be 1).in syllogism the two statements which are combined need not to be observed they are assumed to be true(probability is expected as 1)like sun rises in east etc.
Category: Philosophy
Inductive Logic (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
An inductive logic is a system of evidential support that extends ... Many less theoretical instances of inductive reasoning also fail to be captured by ...
Mission: Critical (Induction vs. Deduction)
Inductive and Deductive Reasoning. Many people distinguish between two basic kinds of ... Adham is using inductive reasoning, arguing from observation, while ...
Question Corner -- Deductive and Inductive Reasoning
"Inductive reasoning" (not to be confused with "mathematical induction" or and "inductive ... That is inductive reasoning: constructing a general principle from ...
Deduction & Induction
In logic, we often refer to the two broad methods of reasoning as the deductive and inductive approaches. ... Inductive reasoning works the other way, moving from specific ...
Inductive Reasoning Tests, Abstract Reasoning, Free Practice ...
AssessmentDay are leading experts in practice inductive reasoning tests and abstract reasoning tests. Practise real example tests online now to improve your score.
What jobs require inductive reasoning skills?
I am curious on what jobs require skills of inductive reasoning. Your help is greatly appreciated.
Answer: To a greater or lesser degree, EVERY job requires inductive reasoning. Some more, like doctors, lawyers or accounts. Some less, like file clerks but all use this skill
Category: Technology
Deductive Versus Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning takes events and makes generalizations. Deductive reasoning is reasoning that involves a hierarchy of statements or truths. ...
Inductive Reasoning - How Small Observations Infers a Theory ...
Inductive reasoning is the process where a small observation is used to infer a larger theory, without necessarily proving it.
Whats the difference between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning?
If a person were finding a pattern in a series of math problems, would she be using deductive or inductive reasoning? Whats the difference between the two?
Answer: Deductive reasoning is absolutely correct. For example if you know 2 sides of a right triangle you can deduce the third side.
Inductive reasoning is making a plausible guess. Plausible need not be correct.
In particular for any sequence of numbers there are an infinite number of different patterns that might be correct. On math tests, they want you to find the simplest pattern.
Another example of inductive reasoning: if you have several friends you own some brand of car, and they think it is a reliable car, you induce that if you buy that brand it will be reliable also.
hope this helps
Category: Mathematics
Inductive reasoning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inductive reasoning, also known as induction or inductive logic, is a ... Inductive reasoning has been attacked for millennia by thinkers as diverse as Sextus ...
What is the difference between inductive reasoning and deductive resoning?
What is the difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning? How can you tell the difference
can you include examples (i am learning this in math)
Answer: Induction or inductive reasoning, sometimes called inductive logic, is the process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument are believed to support the conclusion but do not ensure it. It is used to ascribe properties or relations to types based on tokens (i.e., on one or a small number of observations or experiences); or to formulate laws based on limited observations of recurring phenomenal patterns. Induction is employed, for example, in using specific propositions such as:
This ice is cold.
A billiard ball moves when struck with a cue.
...to infer general propositions such as:
All ice is cold.
All billiard balls struck with a cue move.
Inductive reasoning has been attacked several times. Historically, David Hume denied its logical admissibility. During the 20th century, most notably Karl Popper and David Miller have disputed the existence, necessity and validity of any inductive reasoning, even of probabilistic (bayesian) ones.
Deductive reasoning was developed by Aristotle, Thales, Pythagoras, and other Greek philosophers of the Classical Period (600 to 300 B.C.). Aristotle, for example, relates a story of how Thales used his skills to deduce that the next season's olive crop would be a very large one. He therefore bought all the olive presses and made a fortune when the bumper olive crop did indeed arrive.[5]
Deductive reasoning is dependent on its premises. That is, a false premise can possibly lead to a false result, and inconclusive premises will also yield an inconclusive conclusion. [6]
Alternative to deductive reasoning is inductive reasoning. Many incorrectly teach that deductive reasoning goes from general information to specific information and that inductive reasoning travels in the opposite direction. This is not accurate. Deductive reasoning applies general principles to reach specific conclusions, whereas inductive reasoning examines specific information, perhaps many pieces of specific information, to derive a general principle. By thinking about phenomena such as how apples fall and how the planets move, Isaac Newton induced his theory of gravity. Once Newton induced that principle, he applied it deductively to make many predictions. Galileo applied it to deduce the existence of a planet disturbing's Uranus's orbit, a planet that would eventually be named Neptune.[7][not in citation given]
Both types of reasoning are routinely employed. One difference between them is that in deductive reasoning, the evidence provided must be a set about which everything is known before the conclusion can be drawn. Since it is difficult to know everything before drawing a conclusion, deductive reasoning has little use in the real world. This is where inductive reasoning steps in. Given a set of evidence, however incomplete the knowledge is, the conclusion is likely to follow, but one gives up the guarantee that the conclusion follows. However it does provide the ability to learn new things that are not obvious from the evidence.
Deductive reasoning is supported by deductive logic (which is not quite the same thing).
For example:
All apples are fruit.
All fruits grow on trees.
Therefore all apples grow on trees.
Or
All apples are fruit.
Some apples are red.
Therefore some fruit is red.
Intuitively, one might deny the major premise or the conclusion; yet anyone accepting the premises accepts the conclusion.
Deductive reasoning should be distinguished from the related concept of natural deduction, an approach to proof theory that attempts to provide a formal model of logical reasoning as it "naturally" occurs.
Category: Homework Help
How do we know anything since the assumptions made by inductive reasoning can never be 100% proven?
The assumption being that the future will always resemble the past. how are we supposed to logically feel confident in the knowledge that we have based off of information acquired by inductive reasoning?
Also, for extra points (if you know) what has David Hume had to say on the matter?
Thank you for your time!
Answer: You can't "know" anything. Abandon certainty and stop worrying about it.
Category: Philosophy
Ray Solomonoff : “A Formal Theory of Inductive Inference'' - Le ...
Inductive reasoning can be thought of as drawing the “best” conclusions from a set of observations. Unfortunately these observations are almost always incomplete in some sense and therefore we can never be certain of the conclusions we ...
NeuroLogica Blog » Inductive Reasoning In Science
Recently I received the following question from an SGU listener named Marty: I've been debating with a friend about the nature of science, and he brought up...
inductive reasoning
In inductive reasoning, on the contrary, there is no logical movement from premises to conclusion. The premises constitute good reasons for accepting the ...
Mission: Critical (Induction vs. Deduction)
Adham is using inductive reasoning, arguing from observation, while Rizik is using deductive reasoning, arguing from the law of gravity. Rizik's argument is ...
Skirmishes with the age.: Deus ex machina and the problem of induction
With inductive reasoning we move from premises about objects we have examined to conclusions about objects we haven't examined. For example : The first six cartons of milk from the crate were sour. ...
Inductive-Reasoning?
What role does Inductive-Reasoning play in a parent’s decision to send their c play in a parents decision to send their child to a school that is predominately of their own race & culture?
Answer: Induction means that a few particulair cases form a "law". Then by deducting it to particulair cases, it can be racist.
This is an example.
African Americans come on the news monday for robbery.
The neighbours T.V. was stolen by a African American.
You saw an African American wear shabby clothes with a 100.000$ Rolex
Now induction comes: All African Americans steal. This may be false, but its a law derived from particulair cases.
Now you see Bob, he is African American, thus deduction says: Bob must be a thief. This is racist and untrue, but its the flaw of induction.
Category: Biology
Whats the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning?
I have a test coming up and need help with good definitions for deductive and inductive reasoning. Do you have any nmenonics for these words?
please help me :-(
Answer: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive_reasoning
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive_reasoning
Category: Mathematics
Inductive reasoning: Definition from Answers.com
Inductive reasoning, also known as induction or inductive logic, is a kind of reasoning ... Inductive reasoning certainly cannot be justified deductively, and so ...
SparkNotes: Geometry: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning: Inductive ...
A summary of Inductive Reasoning in 's Geometry: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of ...
How do I use inductive reasoning to solve the following?
Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number in the sequence.
3,-18,108,-648,3888,...
Answer: - 23328, (multiply by -6)
Category: Mathematics
How to deal with inductive reasoning?
Inductive reasoning is deductively invalid!!
Depressing! How can we deal with this? How do you deal with it?
Are we mere unskilled sophists?
Hi lees, thanks for answering!
I think that since so much of what we know is gained through inductive reasoning, and it is not logically correct, we will never be able to discover anything true, since we will be limited to the understanding of reality of our senses.
It also bothers me now to use inductive reasoning in arguments and in discussions, since it not will be a truth, but a lie, or, in the best case, a consensual lie.
Answer: As I understand it, one characteristic of inductive reasoning is transferring from the specific to the general whereas deductive reasoning transfers understanding from the general to the specific.
If that is correct, then I think we are greatly reducing our opportunities to understand reality by eliminating half of our ability to reason. It further seems to me that an insistance of deductive reasoning alone unlies the flaws inherent in political correctness.
Please correct me in the foregoing in the Comments feature if you disagree.
Excellent question by the way. I was very pleased to encounter it during one of my nightly awakenings I have from time to time. Thank you for asking it.
Category: Philosophy
INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE METHODS OF TEACHING | ISAMM
Inductive reasoning is common in science, where data is collected and tentative models are developed to describe and predict future behaviour, until the appearance of the anomalous data forces the model to be revised. ...
SHL Direct | Inductive Reasoning Examples
An inductive reasoning test measures abilities which are important in solving problems. They may also be referred to as abstract reasoning tests or ...
These are questions asked for a PHI-103 - StudentOfFortune.com
These are questions asked for a PHI-103 Class Quiz; week #2: 1. A "good" deductive argument must at least be (Points : 1) an argument with four premises. a valid argument. an inductive argument. an interesting argument. ...
Inductive reasoning is the development of a theory or a ...
Inductive means leading on to an action, or inducing. Inductive reasoning is based on, or characterized by induction; using a method of induction. ...
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
"Josh knows that Brand X computers cost less than Brand Y computers. All other brands that Josh knows of cost less than Brand X. Josh reasons that Brand Y costs more than all other brands."
I said this is deductive reasoning, since you are using facts and reasoning, but my teacher said this is inductive reasoning since you can come to this conclusion just through observation. I dont know who is right, can you please give me help or insight to explain why or why not?
Answer: Josh is reasoning incorrectly, he is not 100% sure he is just estimating. There could be some Brand Z which costs more than Y which Josh has never heard of.
It is like the Raven Paradox. I could tell you 'All ravens are black'.
You ask me how I know this, and I tell you, 'Well, I've seen one million ravens, and all of them were black.'
And you tell me that this doesn't prove that ALL ravens are black.
And I respond 'Well, scientists have been observing ravens for centuries, they have studied and kept ravens in enclosures. And every single one of the ravens has been reported to be black.'
But still, this is just inductive reasoning! Everytime I see another black raven, it supports my hypothesis that all ravens are black. Moreover, everytime I see a yellow banana, that too supports my hypothesis that ravens are black, because it is supporting the contrapositive; that all non-black things are non-ravens. But it is not deductive reasoning because I still don't KNOW for sure that all ravens are black, what if there just happened to be a yellow raven hiding away, never seen by man?
If a scientist analyses the DNA of a raven and somehow proves that it is impossible for them to be any other colour, then this is deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning proves something, whereas from a logical point of view inductive reasoning does absolutely nothing at all so you could argue it is useless. But from a statistical point of view it would make you more confident that the hypothesis is true.
Category: Mathematics
Inductive reasoning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inductive reasoning, also known as induction or inductive logic, is a kind of reasoning that constructs or evaluates inductive arguments. ...
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning, or induction, is reasoning from a specific case or cases to a general rule.
Inductive Reasoning | Newz of Today
Inductive Reasoning. deductive reasoning which can be regarded as the process of logically correct to draw conclusions from some cutlery or seen premise. Deductive reasoning is the type of reasoning in mathematics tests ...
SparkNotes: Geometry: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning ...
Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of Geometry: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning and what it means. Perfect for acing essays, tests, ...
Inductive Reasoning Examples ~ To Accelerate your English Grammar
The following article will provide you with some simple inductive reasoning examples with the intention of making the concept simple and easy to understand. Continue reading to understand what is inductive reasoning and ...
The Sanitized Version of Neoconservatism | My Catbird Seat
My arguments are based on inductive reasoning. I have provided extensive empirical evidence to prove the case regarding the Middle East (inductive reasoning can only lead to tentative proofs); but I have made no in-depth study of the ...
Inductive Logic (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Sep 6, 2004 ... An inductive logic is a system of evidential support that extends deductive logic to less-than-certain inferences. ...
Inductive reasoning - Definition | WordIQ.com
Inductive reasoning is the counter to deductive reasoning. ... Induction or inductive reasoning, sometimes called inductive logic, is the process of reasoning in which the ...
Inductive reasoning - Psychology Wiki
Induction or inductive reasoning, sometimes called inductive logic, is the process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument are believed to ...
Use inductive reasoning and make a conjecture about each value?
Use inductive reasoning and make a conjecture about each value?
The sum of the first 30 positive even numbers and if that means to add 30 of the first positive numbers then it comes out to 930. But then it says to find one couterexample to show that the conjecture is false. STUPID GEOMETRY i dont get this can you please help?
Answer: The possibilities are endless. Try this one:
Conjecture:
The sum of the first N consecutive even numbers is divisible by N.
Example: N = 0 → 2 + 4 + .... + 60 = 930 = 31×30
Example: N = 7 → 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 +12 + 14 = 56 = 8×7
That one's true so that's not helpful. I don't know why they have you conjecturing things that might be true... how do you find a counterexample for things that are true?
How about this:
The sum of the first N consecutive even numbers ends in 0.
That's false (look at the examples above for one that works - 930 - and one that doesn't - 56).
Category: Mathematics
inductive reasoning?
how can you make an inductive reasoning on the issue ABORTION. explanation with premises please, thanx.
Answer: Sounds like you need help on a college paper... Good luck :)
Category: Other - Science
How can I improve my inductive reasoning?
ive been watching a lot of Death Note and throughout the series they say how great L and Lights inductive reasoning is.
Is there anyway I can make mine stronger?
Answer: I believe it's Deductive Reasoning, not Inductive.
Deductive is figuring out things based on logic and previously accepted statements which is what L does,
inductive is pretty much just making guesses based on what you see, pretty much like "Judging a book by it's cover".
I guess the trick to improving your deductive reasoning skills is to think things through and use logic when thinking about something....not really much to do except practice with everyday situations.
Category: Psychology
how does the word induce relate to the term inductive reasoning?
how does the word induce relate to the term inductive reasoning?
Answer: If I induce you, I prompt you or make you do something.
To use inductive reasoning, you are lead along a path - you are "induced" to follow the train of thought. It is all, A - then B, then C. If you don't have D, you can never get to E.
DEductive reasoning means that you are making leaps of logic and are able to make assumptions about things that don't exist. In this case, if you have A and B, you might make a logical guess as to what D might be.
To see a dead body with stab wounds, and you standing over the body with a bloody knife - with INductive reasoning, you are the guilty party.
HOWEVER, to know that you loved that person, and another person hated the victim and had possible motive to frame you for the killing - and knowing that it would be natural for you to try to "save" the victim by taking the knife out of the wound - this is all DEductive reasoning.
Category: Words & Wordplay
Deduction & Induction
Oct 20, 2006 ... Inductive reasoning works the other way, moving from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. ...