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Discuss Simons concept of "bounded rationality."?
Answer: Well, since Lydie didn't "discuss" Herbert Simon's concept, let me give it a shot:
Simon has backed up much of his work with numerous studies on decision-making in business enterprise. Out of this, the "new" theory of the firm as a "satisficing" as opposed to "maximizing" agent has begun to take hold in industrial organization. In general, Simon's theories of bounded rationality have become an integral part of the so-called "New Institutionalist Economics".
Humans are not optimal and only in some cases locally optimal;
Assumptions made by cognitive modelers about how an agent performs architectural tasks, which Anderson labels unnecessary, are subsequently tacitly repeated by him in his analyses;
Data regarding human behavior on isomorphic task domains explicitly denies the theory. (Question: Item 2 in Anderson's recipe states that one must model the environment to which the agent has adapted. Does this not limit the task to domain to particular isomorphs and thereby negate the criticism?)
Category: Teaching
Bounded rationality: Definition from Answers.com
bounded rationality A decision-maker has neither the time and space nor the ability to arrive at an optimal solution and many individuals may not seek
Bounded Rationality
The world is too complex to understand, so we only make limited decisions.
does anyone know the answers of these?
1) the economic way of thinking is best described as:
a) the collected writings of the economic nobel prize winners
b)a set of economic rules handled down from one generation to the next.
c) the glossary of terms at the back of the book
d) an analytical framework enabling to reach informal conclusions.
2) the ultimate purpose of economic is:
a) to study how individuals make choices
b) to reach us how to make money
c) to enable one to make predictions on what the stock market is going to do
d) to motivate people so they work harder
3)the assumption of bounded rationality suggests that people might use rules of thumb to guide their decision making becasue:
a) people are not rational
b)rational people do not need to examine every choice available to them
c) people should not examine every possible choice since it is an expansive process
d)people can not examine every possible choice availble to them.
Category: Economics
Bounded Rationality
Bounded Rationality: A Response to Rational Analysis. Simon criticizes Andersons proposed rational analysis as misdirected based on the following three arguments: ...
In your own words, describe rationality and bounded rational?
yeah i want your views...
Answer: ...rationality- I release, 'let it out' in a positive way!
...bounded rational- 'having a restriction' on my action!
...my individual freedom outside the confines of big brother... frees my spirit...Deja Vu!
Category: Philosophy
Bounded Rationality
BOUNDED RATIONALITY: rationality as exhibited by decision makers ... issues, finding more accurate theories of bounded rationality constitutes a ...
Amazon.com: Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox ...
"Bounded Rationality constitutes a milestone in the development of a framework for understanding human cognition." -- Robert Kurzban, Contemporary ...
What is it meant by "bounded rationality"?
Example please?
Category: Words & Wordplay
Herbert Simon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bounded rationality is a central theme in behavioral economics. ... Theories of bounded rationality relax one or more assumptions of standard expected ...
The future of Economics: Updating Bounded Rationality - Blog dell
The goal of the panel is to specify the interdisciplinary aspects of bounded rationality, a concept introduced by Herbert Simon, and how psychology, philosophy and computer sciences have contributed to redefine its ...
Can someone help me please, im havin trouble with two questions in my studies..?
1. Which one of the following statements is a correct comparison of a large and small businesses?( I no its not A) and i dont think its D(?)
A.Big businesses create more new jobs than small businesses
B.Big businesses are less efficient at producing and delivering specialty products than small businesses
C.Small businesses show consistently lower financial performance than big businesses
D.Big Businessed outnumber small businesses by a wide margin
2.A manager is deciding how yo invest excess cash. The orginizations banks can describe various options available for investment, each is which may have a guaranteed rate of return. The manager is engaging in: ( i dont think its C or D)
A.decision making under risk
B.decision making under uncertainty
C.decision making under certainty
D.bounded rationality
Please Help...THANKS!!!
Answer: For question no. 1, my choice is B
For question no. 2, my choice is C - decision making
under certainty. Note that the banks are willing to set a
guaranteed rate of return.
Category: Small Business
Bounded Rationality :: Bounded Models
of bounded rationality suffer from the exact phenomena that. they attempt to explain. ... ever, it is often the case that the bounded rationality model(s) ...
Bounded Rationality
Bounded Rationality: that property of an agent that behaves in a manner that is nearly optimal with respect to its goals as its resources will allow. ...
Is Atheism considered be an irrational thought or a rational thought?
An atheist has a seeming advantage over a believer in God. In the realm of the intellect, an atheist appears to be in a position to project himself/herself as a thinker or a very analytical person. An atheist is supposed to be someone who cannot be easily swayed by superstition. Unlike a believer in God who at some point must admit complete relegation of his or her belief on faith, an atheist can claim, or so he thinks, that he is a totally rational person and nothing that is outside of the bounds of reason can be the object of his or her belief.
I think this typecasting of the atheist is the one that seems to give credibility and some kind of prestige to atheism. It is the thing that somewhat attracts some intellectual types to adopt it as their worldview. It is not uncommon for atheists to feel a sense of pride that by being atheists, they feel they can claim to be the more intelligent types compared to believers who they think are mere blind followers of their religious convictions.
But this typecasting is erroneous. The theists or believers in God should proactively object to this typecasting because the typecasting has the corresponding implication that the theists or believers are the unthinking mass who can be easily swayed by irrational beliefs that degrade their native intelligence.
I hold that in the ultimate analysis, atheism is more irrational than theism. It is not only irrational - it promotes ignorance by its simple denial that anything outside of reason is supposed to be something that cannot exist. Here are some pointers along that line:
We now know, and it is supported by modern psychology, that there is such a thing as intuitive knowledge. Intuitive knowledge is non-rational. It affirms the existence of some form of knowing that is not arrived at through the process of reasoning. This has been validated in laboratory experiments, e.g., the experiments that have conclusively identified the existence of ESP.
We also know, through the development of new perspectives in physics, that the behavior of the physical world does not necessarily follow a rational pattern. In fact at subatomic levels, rational patterns break down and the existence of matter basically becomes at any point in time, a mere probability derived from the interaction of subatomic particles within the atom.
The theory of evolution, which has been the favorite playing ground of atheist to support their view of the absence of a creator, is in fact very much wanting in terms of supporting a world view that denies an intelligent creator. The theory of evolution is anchored on the belief that life forms evolved from the simplest to the complex diversity in flora and fauna we witness today based on the principle of survival of the fittest. Life evolved to preserve itself - at each stage or level of evolution, it develops characteristics that better equips it for survival. But this perspective cannot explain aesthetics we find in nature. I can, for example, subscribe to the idea that the rose plant developed thorns to protect itself from predating herbivores. But how can you explain the variety of colors of the rose flower? I dont think flamingos are colored pink to evade predators. In fact they become easy target because of enhanced visibility. There appears to be no evolutionary purpose for the diversity of colors in nature except to postulate the existence of an artist who is interested in embodying beauty in nature.
Finally, atheists should realize that reason is self-limiting. There is absolutely nothing in this world that you can do based solely on reason. Even in decision making there is a management principle called "bounded rationality" which says that no matter how well thought of a decision might be, there will be, there will always be a point when you have to give up any further logical process. You will have to give way to the uncertainty principle. Beyond that point you have to subscribe to some kind of faith that you made the right decision.
And so will reason alone be insufficient to prove or disprove the existence of God. To insist otherwise, like what atheists do, is a form of superstition.
@GC,
You misunderstood the stages in the book.
Stage One is the "teenage" mentality.
Stage Two is all about being tolerant and most religious folks like myself are this. Well, the rational ones.
Stage Three is scientific skepticism and questioning.
Stage Four is when you make a final decision and get a clear understanding of what you believe. Most scientist who are christian are like this.
Answer: You seems to be using the word, 'rational' to include all types of knowledge. This was the case a few hundred years ago. In modern philosophy 'rational' split into two distinct fields of knowledge. Roughly speaking metaphysics and science. Metaphysical is an appeal to reason as a source of knowledge. This 'knowing' is not scientific but intellectual( supplied by the mind) and involves deducing truths.This is generally what modern philosophers understand by the term 'rational' Metaphysical truths cannot be tested by observation unlike scientific truths. In metaphysical terms metaphysical truths are self -evidently true.
What makes an atheist and atheist is their rejection of metaphysics as a source of knowledge. Knowledge of God is a metaphysical truth. Atheists argue that metaphysical knowledge is an illusion and metaphysical arguments prove nothing. Most atheists accept science as a source of knowledge because it can be demonstrated as true. In other words, it can be observed.
An atheist is someone who only accepts one source of knowledge as opposed to two possible sources of knowledge. I am sure most theologians would argue that reason is the only way to prove the existence of God
Category: Philosophy
Bounded rationality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bounded rationality is the idea that in decision making, rationality of individuals is limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of ...
MITECS: Bounded Rationality
Bounded rationality is rationality as exhibited by decision makers of ... Models of Bounded Rationality: Behavioral Economics and Business Organization, vol. 2. ...
Bounded Rationality of Nerzhul
World of Warcraft guild web site for Bounded Rationality of Nerzhul.
Bounded Rationality: Find your home in the Forex.
"Bounded rationality is the notion that in decision making, rationality of individuals is limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of their minds, and the finite amount of time they have to make ...
What is bounded rationality? definition and meaning
Definition of bounded rationality: Concept that decision makers (irrespective of their level of intelligence) have to work under three unavoidable ...
Rationality and Bounded Rationality
of bounded rationality, is that it is usually the crazy type, or a crazy type, ... bounded rationality, namely, the theoretical work that has been done since ...
Bounded rationality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bounded rationality is the idea that in decision making, rationality ... The concept of bounded rationality revises this assumption to account for the fact that ...
What decision making would you choose?
Q: When Mark and Patty looked for an appartment to buy, they settled on the second one they saw because of its price and it had several features they wanted. The type of decision is best characterized as:
A. Retrospective Decision Making
B. Satisfycing
Retrospective Decision Making focuses on how decision makers attempt to rationalize their choices after they are made.
Satisfycing is the situation where people settle with a solution to a problem that is "good enough".
According to Herbert Simon, people do not seek the best possible solutions to problems, but operate within what he has called bounded rationality. Herbert Simon, whose primary object of research was problem solving, coined the term to satisfice, which denotes the situation where people seek solutions or accept choices or judgments that are good enough for their purposes, but could be optimised (Simon 1957 as cited in Kunda 1999).
What do you think is the answer? A or B?
Answer: It doesn't sound like they are rationalizing their decision so I would go with B.
Category: Higher Education (University +)
Ariel Rubinstein: Modeling Bounded Rationality
who allow me to post the whole book "Modeling Bounded Rationality" on the web. ... "I killed three mosquitos with your bounded rationality book today. ...
BOUNDED RATIONALITY
Bounded rationality is a school of thought about decision making that de- ... contributions, many fail to appreciate that bounded rationality was the first, ...
CASS SUNSTEIN, THIS CZAR = STALIN?
What a coincidence — another one of Chairman Zeros "Czars" just happens to be a totalitarian screwball. Cass Sunstein is the Moonbat Messiahs pick for Regulatory Czar. Considering the mountains of extraneous regulations that accrue in the District of Criminals with each passing day, hell have many opportunities to apply his ideology. Knowledge Is Power introduces us to his point of view.
Sunstain believes in "libertarian paternalism." This phrase means that statists plan to do to the word libertarian what they did to the word liberal. Heres how Buttstain explains it:
The idea of libertarian paternalism might seem to be an oxymoron, but it is both possible and legitimate for private and public institutions to affect behavior while also respecting freedom of choice. Often peoples preferences are ill-formed, and their choices will inevitably be influenced by default rules, framing effects, and starting points. In these circumstances, a form of paternalism cannot be avoided. Equipped with an understanding of behavioral findings of bounded rationality and bounded self-control, libertarian paternalists should attempt to steer peoples choices in welfare-promoting directions without eliminating freedom of choice. It is also possible to show how a libertarian paternalist might select among the possible options and to assess how much choice to offer.
In other words, our authoritarian masters will be "libertarian" by letting us decide if we want our cot on the left side of the cell or the right side.
Cass gets even wackier:
[R]epresentatives of animals should be able to bring private suits to ensure that anticruelty and related laws are actually enforced. Of course, any animals would be represented by human beings, just like any other litigant who lacks ordinary (human) competence; for example, the interests of children are protected by prosecutors, and also by trustees and guardians in private litigation brought on childrens behalf. … If getting rid of the idea that animals are property is helpful in reducing suffering, then we should get rid of the idea that animals are property.
If the government is going to treat citizens like farm animals, why shouldnt animals be treated like citizens? Sorry, hunters!
This sounds especially ominous:
The cruel and abusive practices generally involved in contemporary farming are largely unregulated at the state level.
Now might be a good time to start stockpiling food. Maybe next weeks crisis requiring immediate draconian legislation will be animal oppression, solvable only by federal seizure of all farms. Something similar kept Stalin in power for a generation.
Unsurprisingly, Ass doesnt like the Internet:
We hardly need to imagine a world, however, in which people and institutions are being harmed by the rapid spread of damaging falsehoods via the Internet. We live in that world. What might be done to reduce the harm?
Let me guess: Regulate online communication.
Sure enough, Sunstein thinks bloggers should be held punishable for anything any commenter says that cant be proven to be true. FDR killed the Tenth Amendment; this Ivy League cockroach might help Chairman Zero do the same to the First.
Answer: The only conclusion I can come to is that Obama (for whatever reason) believes that a fringe goofball like Sunstein is not only deemed an acceptable member of his cadre, but a valued member. As Obama stated during the campaign season, if you say you don't know me, look at the people I surround myself with. With this gentleman, Obama has entered the realm of the intellectual misanthrope.
Sunstein is a big fan of Jeremy Bentham, a 19th Century social reformer and animal rights pioneer. The problem I have with these idiots is their assumption of moral equivalency (a mouse=a cat=a dog=a cow=a horse=a human child). Mr. Sunstein wants animals to be able to bring suit, he wants to abolish hunting (...which will do wonders for the health of wild animal populations...) and have govt. directly control every aspect of farming.
Obama and his ilk believe in the govt. acting in loco parentis thru even the most mundane aspects of the lives of the unwashed masses. All for our benefit of course. Sunstein isn't Stalin (come on, Stalin, was a murderous thug; Sunstein is a pontificating intellectual who likely swooned in horror when Obama swatted the fly on camera).
If Sunstein = Obama that should be more frightening than a dead Soviet autocrat. Sunstein doesn't trust the plebes to handle themselves to the level of his own personal moral expectations... using the govt. to impose his own heady ideals, I'm sure, is just fine with him.
Category: Elections
Simoleon Sense » Blog Archive » Bounded Rationality
The observation of the actual behavior by economic decision makers in the lab and in the field justifies that bounded rationality has been a generally accepted assumption in many socio-economic models. ...
The KLI Theory Lab - keywords - bounded rationality
Keywords: bounded rationality • centralization • economics of ... Keywords: bounded rationality • coordination • economics of information • history • information costs ...
choose the best option?
1. Which of the following is not allowed in a brainstorming session?
A. Clear definition of the problem
B. Criticism of poor ideas
C. Large number of alternatives
D. Recording of all alternatives
2. Mr. A is the HR Manager of XYZ Company. He decided to terminate a group of
employees because their positions were no longer necessary in the organization.
What will you say Mr. A has decided for?
A. Restructuring
B. Turnover
C. Downsizing
D. Job Rotation
3. A job has high -------------- if workers are given substantial freedom,
independence, and discretion in scheduling the work and determining the
procedures to be used in carrying it out.
A. Autonomy
B. Feed back
C. Skill Variety
D. Enlargement
4. A ------------- Structure is well suited to organizations which have a single or
dominant core product because each subunit becomes extremely adept at
performing its particular portion of the process.
A. Divisional
B. Functional
C. Matrix
D. Both A and B
5. Which of the following has not contributed to the boundaryless organization?
A. Changes in technology
B. Complex and dynamic environments
C. Static environments
D. Increases in telecommunication
6. Managers will often not choose the decision alternative that rational decision
making indicates to be best because they have a “vague feeling” that another
alternative will be better. Which of the behavioral factors that influence decisionmaking
does this behavior reflect?
A. Bounded rationality
B. Escalation of commitment
C. Intuition
D. Satisficing
7. ------------ means that the two merging companies became history and a new firm
is established
A. Acquisition
B. Merger
C. Joint Venture
D. Both A and B
8. ------------- means only one company became history which is the acquired
company while the acquiring company remain.
A. Joint Venture
B. Merger
C. Acquisition
D. Both A and B
9. A ------------- takes as input an object or situation described by a set of properties,
and outputs a yes/no decision.
A. Decision Criteria
B. Decision Making Process
C. Decision Tree
D. None of the given options
10. Maslows hierarchy of needs proposes that an individual begins by satisfying ------
----- needs.
A. Self-actualization
B. Esteem
C. Physiological
D. Safety
Answer: 1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. C
Category: Homework Help
BRC Investment Management
"Bounded Rationality Concepts" is a key component to the BRC ... Based on the behavioral finance concept of bounded rationality, we incorporate these concepts into both our ...
Assumption of Bounded Rationality?
Why does the assumption of bounded rationality suggest that people might use rules of thumb to guide their decision-making instead of considering every possible choice available to them?
Answer: Because that's what "bounded rationality" means?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounded_rationality
Category: Economics
“If it is too inconvenient, I’m not going after it:” convenience as a critical factor in information-seeking behaviours
Creator: Marie L. Radford Creator: Timothy J. Dickey Creator: Lynn Silipigni Connaway In today’s fast-paced world, anecdotal evidence suggests that information tends to inundate people, and users of information systems want to find information quickly and conveniently. Creative & Digital read more
example of bounded rationality?
i am doing an assignment i need to have an example of bounded rationality in my own life.. i am just asking for an example and use it as a guide.. please.. thanks!
Answer: http://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/users/tyson/documents/bin/bounded-rationality.pdf
Category: Homework Help
BOUNDED RATIONALITY
Bounded rationality is a school of thought about decision making that de ... tion of bounded rationality and many of its ramifications originated in ...
is the order in which alternatives are considered more critical ?rational or bounded rationality?
Answer: hmmm
Category: Higher Education (University +)
Bounded rationality
employ different approaches for analyzing bounded rationality. ... Bounded rationality is a concept used in different fields such as economics, ...
please help me immediatly.............?
1. Which level of management makes decisions about the activities such as acquiring other
companies, investing in research and development and building new plants?
a) Top managers
b) Middle managers
c) First-line managers
d) Non-managerial employees
2. A supervisor is teaching an employee to use a piece of equipment safely. Which of the
following skills are most important for the manager?
a) Technical skills
b) Conceptual skills
c) Human skills
d) Strategic skills
3. The major contribution of the Industrial Revolution was the substitution of _______ for
human power.
a) Machine power
b) Electricity
c) Water power
d) Critical thinking
4. All of the following are characteristics of total quality management EXCEPT:
a) Concern for continual improvement
b) Improvement in quality of everything the organization does
c) Intense focus on the competition
d) Accurate measurement
5. For a company such as PIA, a bank would be an example of what kind of factor in its
specific environment?
a) Competitor
b) Special-interest group
c) Supplier
d) Government agency
6. Which of the following is NOT an example of an organization’s general environment?
a) Economic conditions
b) Political conditions
c) Social conditions
d) Organization culture
7. If a company provides job-share programs, builds a day-care facility, and only uses
recycled paper, it can be termed as:
a) Fulfilling its social obligation
b) Socially aware
c) Socially image conscious
d) Socially responsive
8. If a company is paying minimum wages, when necessary, and applying the minimum
standard to laws, such as affirmative action, it would be said to have fulfilled its:
a) Social obligation
b) Social responsibility
c) Social responsiveness
d) Social expectation
9. Which of the following describes a global marketplace?
a) The entire world is a marketplace
b) National borders are irrelevant
c) The potential for organizations to grow expands dramatically
d) All of the given options
10. Which one of the following items best reflects the dimension of different cultures that
exemplifies the extent to which individuals expect a hierarchical structure?
a) Uncertainty avoidance
b) Power distance
c) Masculinity/femininity
d) Long-term/short-term orientation
11. Attempting to understand the signs of some problem comes under which of the following
stage?
a) Scanning stage
b) Categorization stage
c) Diagnosis stage
d) Implementation stage
12. Which of the following is NOT a valid assumption about rationality?
a) The problem is clear and unambiguous
b) Preferences are constantly changing
c) A single well-defined goal is to be achieved
d) Preferences are clear
13. Lower-level managers typically confront what type of decision making?
a) Unique
b) Non-routine
c) Programmed
d) Non-programmed
14. The people at the bottom of the organization generally deal with repetitive and familiar
problems such as workers who are late or machinery that breaks down. As a result, most of
the decisions made by first line supervisors are:
a) Ill-structured decisions
b) Novel decisions
c) Programmed decisions
d) Non-programmed decisions
15. An increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that it may have been
wrong is referred to:
a) Economies of commitment
b) Escalation of commitment
c) Dimensional commitment
d) Expansion of commitment
16. When managers avoid the rational decision-making model and find ways to satisfice, they
are following which of the following concept?
a) Jurisprudence
b) Bounded rationality
c) Least-squared exemptions
d) Self-motivated decisions
17. Which of the following means that you achieve the best possible balance among several
goals?
a) Sacrificing
b) Optimizing
c) Satisficing
d) Minimizing
18. If a group’s desire for consensus and cohesiveness overwhelms its desire to reach the best
possible decision, it is called:
a) Groupthink
b) Group pressure
c) Group decision
d) Group dynamics
19. A form of group decision making in which a group is used to achieve a consensus of expert
opinion is called:
a) Interacting group
b) Delphi technique
c) Nominal group
d) Brainstorming
20. Which of the following is the process of developing assumptions on premises about the
future that managers can use in planning or decision making?
a) Benchmarking
b) Project management
c) Forecasting
d) Scheduling
Answer: I already did MY homework. your turn.
Category: Homework Help
The Color Indigo: Bounded Rationality and Management Decision Making
Simon's theory of bounded rationality states that individuals as entities are only partially rational and behaviour as well as decision making is influenced by a number if nonrational factors including emotions, ...
Limited Rationality (bounded Rationality)
Because the ability of the human mind to formulate and solve complex problems that are too small to comply with the demands of full rationality, individuals operate within the limitations of bounded rationality. They are designing bngun ...
Bounded Rationality and Macroeconomics
The term "bounded rationality" was coined in the. 1950s by Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001) ... "bounded rationality" Over the last 50 years the term "bounded ...
SFB 504 glossary: Bounded rationality
The term bounded rationality is used to designate rational choice that takes into account the cognitive limitations of both knowledge and cognitive capacity ...
Cognitive decision making is also known as “bounded rationality” because it recognizes?
a. that there is no irrationality in cognitive decision making.
b. that cognition is more important than emotion in decision-making processes.
c. that there are internal and external boundaries that limit what a decision maker knows.
d. the importance of the bureaucracy in the decision-making process.
Answer: c. We must always recognize that we make decisions based on our personal and collective knowledge base which is limited by our experience, education and ability to find and understand the knowledge which we encounter.
Category: Other - Social Science
Max Planck Summer Institute on Bounded Rationality | Decision ...
APPLICATIONS NOW ACCEPTED FOR JUNE 21-28, 2011 SUMMER SCHOOL IN BERLIN Summer Institute on Bounded Rationality Foundations of an Interdisciplinary Decision.
Which level of management makes decisions about the activities such as acquiring other?
1. Which level of management makes decisions about the activities such as acquiring other
companies, investing in research and development and building new plants?
a) Top managers
b) Middle managers
c) First-line managers
d) Non-managerial employees
2. A supervisor is teaching an employee to use a piece of equipment safely. Which of the
following skills are most important for the manager?
a) Technical skills
b) Conceptual skills
c) Human skills
d) Strategic skills
3. The major contribution of the Industrial Revolution was the substitution of _______ for
human power.
a) Machine power
b) Electricity
c) Water power
d) Critical thinking
4. All of the following are characteristics of total quality management EXCEPT:
a) Concern for continual improvement
b) Improvement in quality of everything the organization does
c) Intense focus on the competition
d) Accurate measurement
5. For a company such as PIA, a bank would be an example of what kind of factor in its
specific environment?
a) Competitor
b) Special-interest group
c) Supplier
d) Government agency
6. Which of the following is NOT an example of an organization’s general environment?
a) Economic conditions
b) Political conditions
c) Social conditions
d) Organization culture
7. If a company provides job-share programs, builds a day-care facility, and only uses
recycled paper, it can be termed as:
a) Fulfilling its social obligation
b) Socially aware
c) Socially image conscious
d) Socially responsive
8. If a company is paying minimum wages, when necessary, and applying the minimum
standard to laws, such as affirmative action, it would be said to have fulfilled its:
a) Social obligation
b) Social responsibility
c) Social responsiveness
d) Social expectation
9. Which of the following describes a global marketplace?
a) The entire world is a marketplace
b) National borders are irrelevant
c) The potential for organizations to grow expands dramatically
d) All of the given options
10. Which one of the following items best reflects the dimension of different cultures that
exemplifies the extent to which individuals expect a hierarchical structure?
a) Uncertainty avoidance
b) Power distance
c) Masculinity/femininity
d) Long-term/short-term orientation
11. Attempting to understand the signs of some problem comes under which of the following
stage?
a) Scanning stage
b) Categorization stage
c) Diagnosis stage
d) Implementation stage
12. Which of the following is NOT a valid assumption about rationality?
a) The problem is clear and unambiguous
b) Preferences are constantly changing
c) A single well-defined goal is to be achieved
d) Preferences are clear
13. Lower-level managers typically confront what type of decision making?
a) Unique
b) Non-routine
c) Programmed
d) Non-programmed
14. The people at the bottom of the organization generally deal with repetitive and familiar
problems such as workers who are late or machinery that breaks down. As a result, most of
the decisions made by first line supervisors are:
a) Ill-structured decisions
b) Novel decisions
c) Programmed decisions
d) Non-programmed decisions
15. An increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that it may have been
wrong is referred to:
a) Economies of commitment
b) Escalation of commitment
c) Dimensional commitment
d) Expansion of commitment
16. When managers avoid the rational decision-making model and find ways to satisfice, they
are following which of the following concept?
a) Jurisprudence
b) Bounded rationality
c) Least-squared exemptions
d) Self-motivated decisions
17. Which of the following means that you achieve the best possible balance among several
goals?
a) Sacrificing
b) Optimizing
c) Satisficing
d) Minimizing
18. If a group’s desire for consensus and cohesiveness overwhelms its desire to reach the best
possible decision, it is called:
a) Groupthink
b) Group pressure
c) Group decision
d) Group dynamics
19. A form of group decision making in which a group is used to achieve a consensus of expert
opinion is called:
a) Interacting group
b) Delphi technique
c) Nominal group
d) Brainstorming
20. Which of the following is the process of developing assumptions on premises about the
future that managers can use in planning or decision making?
a) Benchmarking
b) Project management
c) Forecasting
d) Scheduling
Answer: hey dear, i am not sure about 5, 10, and 17th Q but here are the rest of teh answers:
1- a
2- a
3- a
4- c
5-
6- d
7- d
8- a
9- d
10-
11- b
12- b
13- c
14- c
15- b
16- b
17-
18- a
19- b
20- c
Category: Corporations
Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality
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Feminists, anarchists, computational complexity, bounded rationality
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What is bounded rationality? definition and meaning
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HELP....Plz!!!?
1 - A manager is deciding how to invest excess cash. The organizations banks can describe various options available for investment , each of which may have a guaranteed rate of return. The manager is engaging in:
a - decision making under risk.
b - decision making under uncertainty.
c - decision making under certainty.
d - bounded rationality.
2 - Which one of the following statements is a correct comparison of large and small businesses?
A - Big businesses create more new jobs than small businesses.
B- Big businesses are better able to invest capital into manufacturing than small businesses.
C – Small businesses show consistently lower financial performance than big businesses.
D – Big businesses outnumber small businesses by a wide margin.
Thank you so MUCH!!
Answer: C
B - in most cases, big business has a stronger cash position than smaller businesses.
Category: Corporations